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When considering environmental allergens and inhalants one automatically think of pollen, dust mites and mold. One would hardly consider cockroaches as an allergen. The surprising fact of the matter is that a study on inner-city children revealed that 37% of them were allergic to cockroaches opposed to the 35% to dust and 23% to cats.
FIRST DIAGNOSED
In 1943 cockroach allergy came on the map when people complained of a skin rash after the insect crawled over their skin. In 1959 skin tests (prick tests) confirmed the possibility of cockroach allergy. The link between cockroaches and asthma became clear in 1970.
ATHMA
Asthma is the most common chronic childhood disease and it has been steadily increasing over the past 30 years. Nowadays children are playing more indoors than they did in the past and are more exposed to indoor allergens like cockroaches and dust mites. Studies showed that 23% to 60% of urban residents who needed hospitalization for asthma are allergic to cockroaches.
COCKROACH ALLERGENS AND LIFESTYLE
Cockroach allergens – a protein – are large and are carried on the feces, saliva, eggs and bodies of cockroaches. These allergens settle on surfaces and become airborne when people move around in the house. Reservoirs of cockroach allergens can be present in carpets, upholstery, appliances and furniture and can be very difficult to get rid of. Cock roaches can be found in many different environments. They are as comfortable in the tropics as they are in very cold areas. 78% to 98% of urban homes harbor between 900 to 330 000 cockroaches each. For every one cockroach you see there are probably 800 more hiding away somewhere in a cupboard, kitchen or attic.
Cockroaches prefer dark, humid corners with lots of free food. Dishwashers, cupboards and areas close to dustbins are their favorite hide-outs. They also munch on books and wallpaper. They enter the house through shopping bags and when appliances and furniture are delivered at home. When people move house the cockroaches scurry next door via drain holes and air-vents.
SYMPTOMS OF COCKROACH ALLERGY
- Chronic asthma.
- Runny or stuffy nose.
- Constant sinus infections.
- Repeated ear infections.
- Skin rash.
- Itchy, scratchy throat.
- Itchy eyes and nose.
DIAGNOSING COCKROACH ALLERGY
A prick test (also called scratch test) will confirm a cockroach allergy.
GETTING RID OF THEM
Contracting a professional pest-controller will be the only way of getting rid of them. Poison baits, boric acid and cockroach traps can help control the problem. It may not be wise to make use of chemical agents in a house where an asthmatic person lives. Keep garbage and food closed at all times.
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