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Subcutaneous Immunotherapy (SCIT), or allergy shots as it is also known, can be considered as a way of treating allergies in children over the age of 5. It will be considered in cases of severe reactions to allergens that is difficult to avoid. Also in cases where allergies do not respond to prescription medication or where the child has severe side-effects from the medication. Life-threatening reactions to allergens such as anaphylactic shock or asthma can also indicate the need for allergy shots. Severe reactions to insect bites may also benefit from allergy shots.
HOW DOES IT WORK
Tiny amounts of the offending allergen is injected under the skin to stimulate the immune system a little bit at a time.The amount of allergen are consistently increased over time. It is not completely clear how the process works in the body but it is assumed that during this process a different type of antibody is stimulated. This antibody binds to the allergen and thus an allergic response is prevented. 
Immunotherapy will require a long-term commitment from a parent. It is not a quick-fix and does not carry any guarantees at all. A child will have to visit doctor’s rooms once to twice per week for at least 6 months. The amount of visits will lessen to visits every 2 to 4 weeks for 3 to 5 years. A child will receive an injection on every visit and will be asked to remain in the doctor’s office for at least 20 minutes to be observed for possible side-effects. It is very important to not “skip” any injections and to follow the regime prescribed by your doctor. This may interfere with school attendance, holidays etc.
SUCCESS RATE
Allergy symptoms may only start subsiding after 6 months to 1 year after treatment has stopped. Most people have less symptoms after allergy shots and will need less allergy medication in future. A third may need no medication at all while in some cases there is very little improvement in the allergy.
In cases of severe allergies it may be worth opting for immunotherapy as it may prevent new allergies and keep allergies from progressing into asthma.
SIDE-EFFECTS
Side-effects are rare but a child should be closely observed for the following symptoms.
- swelling and redness at the point of injection.
- asthma
- anaphylacsis.
- nausea
- swelling of the throat
ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT
Allergy drops (SLIT) are considered a good alternative as treatment for children.
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